hardship
英 ['hɑːdʃɪp]
美['hɑrdʃɪp]
- n. 困苦；苦难；艰苦险阻
英英释意
- 1. a state of misfortune or affliction;
- "debt-ridden farmers struggling with adversity"
- "a life of hardship"
- 2. something hard to endure;
- "the asperity of northern winters"
- 3. something that causes or entails suffering;
- "I cannot think it a hardship that more indulgence is allowed to men than to women"- James Boswell
- "the many hardships of frontier life"